Adult ADHD Medication
While ADHD medication can help to manage symptoms, it's not a cure. Psychological interventions, especially in the most depressed areas, are recommended.
NHS prescriptions for CNS stimulants as well as drugs for ADHD increased during the Covid pandemic, which quadrupled compared with previous years. However, variations in the prescriptions and referrals are evident by region.
What is ADHD?
adhd medication who suffer from untreated ADHD will often find that they are unable to manage various daily tasks, and this can cause problems in many aspects of their lives. They may experience difficulties at work and in their relationships, and they might struggle with self-esteem or feeling of well-being. They may be at risk of developing a variety of comorbid disorders, like anxiety, depression or addiction to drugs.
To be diagnosed with ADHD an individual must show at minimum five of the following symptoms:
The most obvious symptoms of ADHD include:
Difficulty focusing attention in school or at work. Making careless mistakes at work or on homework assignments. You might find it difficult to complete your tasks or you may become bored quickly. You may be having trouble remembering important details, like dates or phone numbers. Having trouble with everyday tasks at home like chores, or household chores. It is possible that you have trouble keeping track of your time or forget appointments and meetings. You have difficulty sitting still for a long time. When talking to others it can be difficult to pay close attention or to appear to be ignoring them.
People with the Primarily Hyperactive symptoms of ADHD will exhibit some of the following:
Many people with ADHD are able to hide their ADHD by devising strategies to cover up the symptoms. They may not be able to discuss their problems with family members or friends, and they might not seek help until their problems get serious enough to affect their quality of life.
ADHD can be a challenge for children to deal with however, it may not become a problem until adulthood as new demands and stressors come into play. Teachers and parents might not be aware of the signs, or mistakenly diagnose them as mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety or substance abuse disorder.
To determine if someone is diagnosed with ADHD, a healthcare professional will examine the patient by conducting clinical interviews and using behavioral scales. They also consider the family history, current medical issues and other causes that could be a factor in the individual's problems. They will then come up with an assessment based on the criteria set out by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).
The use of medication is commonly used to treat adults suffering from ADHD. The most frequently prescribed medications are stimulants that increase the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, and increase the ability to focus and impulsivity, while decreasing hyperactivity. The medications can be consumed either by mouth or via injection. A psychiatrist will be able to monitor and alter the dosage to find the appropriate dosage for each individual.
Other non-medication treatments for adults with ADHD include support groups as well as behavioural therapy and lifestyle adjustments. Healthy eating, regular exercise, and avoiding caffeine, alcohol or sugar during the hours leading up to bedtime can reduce symptoms. Adults may find an employment coach could be helpful in managing their symptoms at work. Moreover, the Department for Work and Pensions has a scheme called Access to Work which can provide financial and practical support to assist with adjustments to the workplace.
Stimulant drugs
Stimulant drugs are the most commonly used type of treatment for ADHD. These drugs are made to change the levels of neurotransmitters which affect hyperactivity and attention in the brain. They are quick-acting and can begin to work within 45-60 minute.
These medications are the most popular first choice for those diagnosed with ADHD in adults. They are relatively safe, generally tolerable and have been proven to reduce some of the most common symptoms such as hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. They are not a cure and should only be utilized in combination with psychoeducation, therapy and ongoing support.
It is worth noting that these medications can cause side effects. These can include loss of appetite, trouble sleeping, and a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. They can also increase the risk of seizures among adolescents and children. These medicines can also trigger sudden death in patients with underlying cardiovascular conditions such as conduction disorder and cardiomyopathy.
Non-stimulants and stimulants are both approved drugs for treating adult ADHD. Stimulants increase the metabolism and have been proven to be beneficial in treating the core symptoms of ADHD. In the UK three stimulant drugs have been approved. Among them is methylphenidate, one of them. Ritalin and Concerta are two amphetamine-based drugs. Dexamfetamine is a class. Adderall, Dexedrine) and Lisdexamfetamine (e.g. Elvanse, Vyvanse). Atomoxetine is a "prodrug' that has a protein attached that the body removes to release dexamfetamine.
Non-stimulants, such as the atomoxetine and guanfacine are less frequently used, but are extremely effective. These drugs enhance the chemical signal between nerves, which relies on neurotransmitters such as dopamine and noradrenaline for sending messages. These can take longer to effect than stimulants, however they can be very beneficial for those suffering from the comorbidity of ADHD, anxiety or depression.
It is essential to get a formal diagnosis by a psychiatrist with experience in neurodevelopmental disorders. This should be done before taking any new medication. It is recommended to have a GP who is willing to support the medication with regular appointments. These are especially important when considering starting new medications as a GP can look for any potential problems that can occur during the initial phase of treatment.
GPs can also detect and report symptoms of ADHD. These symptoms can be used to decide whether further investigation is required and what treatment options are most appropriate.
It is important for those with undiagnosed ADHD to understand that the diagnosis can have a significant impact on a person’s life and career as well as relationships. If you are not diagnosed and untreated can develop far-reaching negative, lasting effects that are difficult to reverse. If you or your child suspects they might have ADHD, it is important to consult your GP immediately.